Disaster Management

  Disaster Risks In India   India is vulnerable, in varying degrees, to a large number of natural as well as man-made disasters. 58.6 per cent of the landmass is prone to earthquakes of moderate to very high intensity; over 40 million hectares (12 per cent of land) is prone to floods and river erosion; of the 7,516 km long coastline, close to 5,700 km is prone to cyclones and tsunamis; 68 per cent of the cultivable area is vulnerable to drought and hilly areas are at risk from landslides and avalanches. Vulnerability to disasters/ emergencies of Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear (CBRN) origin also exists. Heightened vulnerabilities to disaster risks can be related to expanding Population, urbanization and industrialization, development within high-risk zones, environmental degradation and climate change.                                              Earthquake Zones In India National Policy On Disaster Management(NPDM) The National Policy on Disaster Management (NPDM) has b

  Disaster Management Act The Government have enacted and notified the Disaster Management Act, 2005 on December 26, 2005 to provide for institutional mechanisms for drawing up and monitoring the implementation of the disaster management plans, ensuring measures by various wings of Government for prevention and mitigating effects of disasters and for undertaking a holistic, coordinated and prompt response to any disaster situation.   The Act provides for setting up of a National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) under the chairmanship of the Prime Minister, State Disaster Management authorities (SDMAs) under the chairmanship of the Chief ministers and District Disaster Management authorities (DDMAs) under the chairmanship of District magistrate. Government Approach To Disaster Management 1) Change in orientation from a primarily relief-centric approach to a holistic approach emphasizing mitigation, prevention and preparedness besides strengthening response, relief and rehabilitation

  India has been traditionally vulnerable to natural disasters on account of its unique geo-climatic conditions. Floods, droughts, cyclones, earthquakes and landslides have been a recurrent phenomena. India has been traditionally vulnerable to natural disasters on account of its unique geo-climatic conditions.Floods, droughts, cyclones, earthquakes and landslides have been a recurrent phenomena. About 60% of the landmass is prone to earthquakes of various intensities; over 40 million hectares is prone to floods; about 8% of the total area is prone to cyclones and 68% of the area is susceptible to drought. In the decade 1990-2000, an average of about 4344 people lost their lives and about 30 million people were affected by disasters every year. The loss in terms of private, community and public assets has been astronomical. At the global level, there has been considerable concern over natural disasters. Even as substantial scientific and material progress is made, the loss of lives and

 Introduction Man Made disaster  have an element of human intent, negligence and the greed for power and money. Such man made disasters are crime ,arson, terrorism ,civil disorder ,war ,biological/Chemical threat , Cyber Attacks etc. The difference between natural and man-made disasters is the element of human intent or negligence that leads to human suffering and environmental damage  damage; many mirror natural disasters, yet man has a direct hand in their occurrence. These are the net result of inadequately managed man-made hazards and they typically cost the most in terms of human suffering, loss of life and long-term damage to a country's economy and productive capacity. Terrorism Terrorism  is the use of force or violence against any person or property in violation of US criminal laws for the purpose of intimidation, coercion or ransom. Terrorists often use threats to create public fear by convincing people that their government is powerless to stop terrorism and obtain imme